Salary Structures¶
Overview¶
Engineering compensation mixes base salary, bonuses, equity, and benefits. Structures vary by company stage, geography, and role level—benchmarks are directional, not guarantees.
Why This Exists¶
Understanding components helps you compare offers fairly and plan cash flow, especially when equity is illiquid or volatile.
How It Works¶
Public companies often emphasize RSUs; startups use stock options with strike prices and cliffs. Bonuses may be target percentages with performance multipliers. Benefits (401k match, insurance, stipends) matter to total comp.
Architecture¶

flowchart TB
TC[Total compensation] --> Base[Base]
TC --> Bonus[Bonus]
TC --> Equity[Equity]
TC --> Ben[Benefits]
Key Concepts¶
Taxes and jurisdiction
Equity taxation is complex and locale-specific—consult a qualified professional for large decisions.
Code Examples¶
- Base currency and payment cadence
- Bonus: target %, performance criteria, guarantee period
- Equity: type, vesting, cliff, refreshers, dilution risk
- Benefits: health, retirement match, PTO, parental leave
- Level and promotion cadence expectations
Interview Questions¶
How do levels map across companies?
Roughly via scope and impact, but titles are not 1:1—use leveling guides and recruiter calibration.
What is a four-year vest with a one-year cliff?
No equity vests until 12 months; then typically monthly—read your grant documents carefully.
Practice Problems¶
- Build a spreadsheet modeling two offers with different equity volatility assumptions
- List questions to ask HR about refresh grants and promotion equity bumps
Resources¶
- Levels.fyi — crowdsourced compensation
- Glassdoor — qualitative signals